30% off. Use code SUMMERSALE30 at checkout for 30% off for 12 months on Plus, Pro and Premium subscriptions. Subscribe now
United States Banking Services

Customers Bancorp Inc (CUBI)

Track

Over the last 90 days, Customers Bancorp Inc. has seen significant insider selling, with a net value of over $8.3 million. Executives have been the primary sellers. Notably, Jay S. Sidhu and Lyle Cunningham made substantial sales. The company's stock has experienced a 15.6% increase in the past 90 days, and its last earnings report beat expectations.
Stock chart
Ticker: CUBI Exchange: NYS
Preparing chart...
Download chart Copy chart image Copy link Share to X Share


Subscribe to get access to the transaction volume chart and in-chart transaction details
• Purchase • Sale • Planned purchase • Planned sale Net purchase Net sale Activity signal Earnings
Top insiders
Trades
Cunningham Lyle
Chief Banking Officer
1 sale — total 3,594,901 USD
Sale 29 May 2026
Value US$200,518.77 | Price 348.05 | Shares 2,544
Proposed sale 29 May 2026
Value US$4,651,765.85 | Price 90.24 | Shares 95,544
Sale 27 May 2026
Value US$4,597,565.16 | Price 76.23 | Shares 60,315
Proposed sale 27 May 2026
Value US$7,633,000.00 | Price 76.33 | Shares 100,000
Buy 12 May 2026
Value US$72,577.50 | Price 72.58 | Shares 1,000
Sale 11 May 2026
Value US$227,016.60 | Price 75.67 | Shares 3,000
Proposed sale 11 May 2026
Value US$227,016.60 | Price 75.67 | Shares 3,000
Sale 9 Dec 2025
Value US$159,285.13 | Price 71.05 | Shares 2,242
Proposed sale 9 Dec 2025
Value US$159,285.00 | Price 71.05 | Shares 2,242
Sale 3 Dec 2025
Value US$8,900,089.65 | Price 69.43 | Shares 128,185
Sale 25 Nov 2025
Value US$523,947.33 | Price 70.06 | Shares 7,479
Sale 24 Nov 2025
Value US$188,623.25 | Price 65.04 | Shares 2,900
Sale 12 Nov 2025
Value US$172,481.09 | Price 68.39 | Shares 2,522
Sale 11 Nov 2025
Value US$1,686,464.46 | Price 68.05 | Shares 24,784
Sale 10 Nov 2025
Value US$933,873.18 | Price 68.69 | Shares 13,595
Sale 7 Nov 2025
Value US$602,370.00 | Price 66.93 | Shares 9,000
Sale 6 Nov 2025
Value US$85,568.25 | Price 67.75 | Shares 1,263
Sale 5 Nov 2025
Value US$1,502,337.03 | Price 67.76 | Shares 22,172
Proposed sale 5 Nov 2025
Value US$13,550,000.00 | Price 67.75 | Shares 200,000
Sale 4 Feb 2025
Value US$3,806,846.20 | Price 56.82 | Shares 67,000
Sale 31 Jan 2025
Value US$1,899,137.66 | Price 57.25 | Shares 33,173
Proposed sale 31 Jan 2025
Value US$5,684,817.75 | Price 56.75 | Shares 100,173
Proposed sale 30 Jan 2025
Value US$921,223.75 | Price 58.25 | Shares 15,815
Sale 30 Jan 2025
Value US$921,223.75 | Price 58.25 | Shares 15,815
Sale 20 Nov 2024
Value US$215,120.00 | Price 53.78 | Shares 4,000
Sale 11 Nov 2024
Value US$4,895,284.62 | Price 56.54 | Shares 86,578
Sale 8 Nov 2024
Value US$665,906.60 | Price 53.01 | Shares 12,562
Sale 7 Nov 2024
Value US$47,069.00 | Price 54.73 | Shares 860
Proposed sale 7 Nov 2024
Value US$5,476,000.00 | Price 54.76 | Shares 100,000
Sale 6 Nov 2024
Value US$268,498.36 | Price 53.68 | Shares 5,002
Proposed sale 6 Nov 2024
Value US$268,498.35 | Price 53.68 | Shares 5,002
Buy 13 Aug 2024
Value US$113,832.75 | Price 45.53 | Shares 2,500
Sale 12 Mar 2024
Value US$1,904,463.63 | Price 53.15 | Shares 35,832
Proposed sale 12 Mar 2024
Value US$1,904,470.00 | Price 53.15 | Shares 35,832
Sale 27 Feb 2024
Value US$36,096.27 | Price 54.20 | Shares 666
Proposed sale 27 Feb 2024
Value US$36,096.00 | Price 54.20 | Shares 666
Sale 12 Dec 2023
Value US$195,575.60 | Price 48.89 | Shares 4,000
Sale 5 Dec 2023
Value US$64,732.15 | Price 48.49 | Shares 1,335
Sale 5 Dec 2023
Value US$485,436.00 | Price 48.54 | Shares 10,000
Proposed sale 5 Dec 2023
Value US$64,732.00 | Price 48.49 | Shares 1,335
Proposed sale 5 Dec 2023
Value US$485,435.00 | Price 48.54 | Shares 10,000
Planned sale 14 Nov 2023
Value US$177,567.60 | Price 44.39 | Shares 4,000
Proposed sale 14 Nov 2023
Value US$178,568.00 | Price 44.64 | Shares 4,000
Proposed sale 7 Nov 2023
Value US$60,494.00 | Price 44.35 | Shares 1,364
Sale 7 Nov 2023
Value US$60,494.08 | Price 44.35 | Shares 1,364
Planned sale 2 Nov 2023
Value US$2,124,825.44 | Price 41.47 | Shares 51,240
Planned sale 1 Nov 2023
Value US$1,964,872.70 | Price 39.70 | Shares 49,499
Proposed sale 1 Nov 2023
Value US$3,989,264.00 | Price 39.60 | Shares 100,739
Planned sale 31 Oct 2023
Value US$3,941,630.00 | Price 39.42 | Shares 100,000
Proposed sale 31 Oct 2023
Value US$3,938,464.00 | Price 39.38 | Shares 100,000
Planned sale 15 Sep 2023
Value US$570,531.93 | Price 34.33 | Shares 16,619
Proposed sale 15 Sep 2023
Value US$583,062.42 | Price 34.33 | Shares 16,984
Proposed sale 2 Aug 2023
Value US$319,472.00 | Price 41.00 | Shares 7,792
Sale 2 Aug 2023
Value US$319,472.00 | Price 41.00 | Shares 7,792
Sale 1 Aug 2023
Value US$607,528.81 | Price 40.61 | Shares 14,961
Planned sale 1 Aug 2023
Value US$1,010,207.50 | Price 40.41 | Shares 25,000
Proposed sale 1 Aug 2023
Value US$1,049,500.00 | Price 41.98 | Shares 25,000
Proposed sale 1 Aug 2023
Value US$628,062.00 | Price 41.98 | Shares 14,961
Proposed sale 2 May 2023
Value US$106,000.00 | Price 18.12 | Shares 5,850
Planned buy 14 Mar 2023
Value US$106,600.00 | Price 20.50 | Shares 5,200
Buy 13 Mar 2023
Value US$53,575.00 | Price 10.72 | Shares 5,000
Planned buy 13 Mar 2023
Value US$499,950.00 | Price 11.00 | Shares 45,450
Buy 11 May 2022
Value US$19,986.20 | Price 39.97 | Shares 500
Planned buy 6 May 2022
Value US$124,826.50 | Price 42.10 | Shares 2,965
Planned buy 6 May 2022
Value US$42,100.00 | Price 42.10 | Shares 1,000
Planned sale 3 May 2022
Value US$43,060.00 | Price 43.06 | Shares 1,000
Planned sale 15 Dec 2021
Value US$3,721,913.10 | Price 58.92 | Shares 63,173
Planned sale 9 Dec 2021
Value US$1,145,066.00 | Price 57.25 | Shares 20,000
Planned sale 7 Dec 2021
Value US$2,319,068.00 | Price 57.98 | Shares 40,000
Planned sale 6 Dec 2021
Value US$944,201.67 | Price 57.13 | Shares 16,528
Planned sale 3 Dec 2021
Value US$1,165,532.00 | Price 58.28 | Shares 20,000
Planned sale 2 Dec 2021
Value US$2,375,700.00 | Price 59.39 | Shares 40,000
Planned sale 1 Dec 2021
Value US$2,898,835.00 | Price 57.98 | Shares 50,000
Planned sale 30 Nov 2021
Value US$2,310,448.00 | Price 57.76 | Shares 40,000
Planned sale 29 Nov 2021
Value US$2,367,136.00 | Price 59.18 | Shares 40,000
Abbreviations B: Buy, S: Sell, PP: Planned purchase, PlS: Planned sale, PrS: Proposed sale, O: Option / Other
Notification date Transaction date B/S Transaction type Insider and/or position Nb. shares
Price
Value 		Number of shares Price Value Details
2026-06-01 2026-05-29 S Sale
Cunningham Lyle

Chief Banking Officer

Officer
2,544 +18.3%
348.05
US$200,519 		2,544 +18.3% 348.05 US$200,519
2026-05-29 2026-05-29 PrS Proposed sale
Lyle Cunningham

Officer

Officer
95,544
90.24
US$4,651,766 		95,544 90.24 US$4,651,766
2026-05-28 2026-05-27 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman

Executive Director
69,128 -17.4%
174.86
US$1,539,976 		69,128 -17.4% 174.86 US$1,539,976
2026-05-27 2026-05-27 PrS Proposed sale
2.9
Jay Sidhu

Officer

Officer
100,000
76.33
US$7,633,000 		100,000 76.33 US$7,633,000
2026-05-12 2026-05-12 B Purchase
1.7
Sidhu Samvir S.

CEO

Executive Director
1,000 +0.2%
72.58
US$72,578 		1,000 +0.2% 72.58 US$72,578
2026-05-12 2026-05-11 S Sale
1.0
Watkins Philip

EVP, Head of Corp Development

Officer
3,000 -6.4%
75.67
US$227,017 		3,000 -6.4% 75.67 US$227,017
2026-05-11 2026-05-11 PrS Proposed sale
1.0
Philip Watkins

Officer

Officer
3,000
75.67
US$227,017 		3,000 75.67 US$227,017
2025-12-10 2025-12-09 S Sale
2.2
Velasquez Jessie John Deano

Chief Accounting Officer

Officer
2,242 -38.0%
71.05
US$159,285 		2,242 -38.0% 71.05 US$159,285
2025-12-09 2025-12-09 PrS Proposed sale
2.2
Jessie Velasquez

Officer

Officer
2,242
71.05
US$159,285 		2,242 71.05 US$159,285
2025-12-03 2025-12-03 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
128,185 -14.0%
69.43
US$8,900,090 		128,185 -14.0% 69.43 US$8,900,090
2025-11-28 2025-11-25 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
7,479 -0.8%
70.06
US$523,947 		7,479 -0.8% 70.06 US$523,947
2025-11-25 2025-11-24 S Sale
1.0
Watkins Philip

EVP, Head of Corp Development

Officer
2,900 -5.4%
65.04
US$188,623 		2,900 -5.4% 65.04 US$188,623
2025-11-12 2025-11-12 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
2,522 -0.3%
68.39
US$172,481 		2,522 -0.3% 68.39 US$172,481
2025-11-12 2025-11-11 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
24,784 -2.6%
68.05
US$1,686,464 		24,784 -2.6% 68.05 US$1,686,464
2025-11-12 2025-11-10 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
13,595 -1.4%
68.69
US$933,873 		13,595 -1.4% 68.69 US$933,873
2025-11-10 2025-11-07 S Sale
2.1
Banks Bernard Bennett
Non-Executive Director
9,000 -54.5%
66.93
US$602,370 		9,000 -54.5% 66.93 US$602,370
2025-11-07 2025-11-06 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
1,263 -0.1%
67.75
US$85,568 		1,263 -0.1% 67.75 US$85,568
2025-11-07 2025-11-05 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
22,172 -2.2%
67.76
US$1,502,337 		22,172 -2.2% 67.76 US$1,502,337
2025-11-05 2025-11-05 PrS Proposed sale
2.9
Jay Sidhu

Director; Officer

Executive Director
200,000
67.75
US$13,550,000 		200,000 67.75 US$13,550,000
2025-02-04 2025-02-04 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
67,000 -6.5%
56.82
US$3,806,846 		67,000 -6.5% 56.82 US$3,806,846
2025-02-04 2025-01-31 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
33,173 -3.1%
57.25
US$1,899,138 		33,173 -3.1% 57.25 US$1,899,138
2025-01-31 2025-01-31 PrS Proposed sale
2.9
Jay Sidhu

Officer

Officer
100,173
56.75
US$5,684,818 		100,173 56.75 US$5,684,818
2025-01-30 2025-01-30 PrS Proposed sale
3.1
Glenn Hedde

Officer

Officer
15,815
58.25
US$921,224 		15,815 58.25 US$921,224
2025-01-30 2025-01-30 S Sale
3.1
Hedde Glenn

Pres Mortgage WarehouseLending

Officer
15,815 -22.3%
58.25
US$921,224 		15,815 -22.3% 58.25 US$921,224
2024-11-22 2024-11-20 S Sale
2.1
Mackay Robert Neil
Non-Executive Director
4,000 -46.7%
53.78
US$215,120 		4,000 -46.7% 53.78 US$215,120
2024-11-12 2024-11-11 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
86,578 -7.4%
56.54
US$4,895,285 		86,578 -7.4% 56.54 US$4,895,285
2024-11-12 2024-11-08 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
12,562 -1.1%
53.01
US$665,907 		12,562 -1.1% 53.01 US$665,907
2024-11-12 2024-11-07 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
860 -0.1%
54.73
US$47,069 		860 -0.1% 54.73 US$47,069
2024-11-07 2024-11-07 PrS Proposed sale
2.9
Jay Sidhu

Officer

Officer
100,000
54.76
US$5,476,000 		100,000 54.76 US$5,476,000
2024-11-07 2024-11-06 S Sale
3.1
Hedde Glenn

Pres Mortgage WarehouseLending

Officer
5,002 -7.0%
53.68
US$268,498 		5,002 -7.0% 53.68 US$268,498
2024-11-06 2024-11-06 PrS Proposed sale
3.1
Glenn Hedde

Officer

Officer
5,002
53.68
US$268,498 		5,002 53.68 US$268,498
2024-08-14 2024-08-13 B Purchase
1.7
Sidhu Samvir S.

President, CEO

Officer
2,500 +1.8%
45.53
US$113,833 		2,500 +1.8% 45.53 US$113,833
2024-03-13 2024-03-12 S Sale
2.9
Leibold Carla A

Chief Financial Officer

Officer
35,832 -46.5%
53.15
US$1,904,464 		35,832 -46.5% 53.15 US$1,904,464
2024-03-12 2024-03-12 PrS Proposed sale
2.9
Carla Leibold

Officer

Officer
35,832
53.15
US$1,904,470 		35,832 53.15 US$1,904,470
2024-02-28 2024-02-27 S Sale
3.1
Hedde Glenn

Pres Mortgage WarehouseLending

Officer
666 -1.0%
54.20
US$36,096 		666 -1.0% 54.20 US$36,096
2024-02-27 2024-02-27 PrS Proposed sale
3.1
Glenn Hedde

Officer

Officer
666
54.20
US$36,096 		666 54.20 US$36,096
2023-12-14 2023-12-12 S Sale
2.1
Mackay Robert Neil
Non-Executive Director
4,000 -46.3%
48.89
US$195,576 		4,000 -46.3% 48.89 US$195,576
2023-12-06 2023-12-05 S Sale
3.1
Hedde Glenn

Pres Mortgage WarehouseLending

Officer
1,335 -1.8%
48.49
US$64,732 		1,335 -1.8% 48.49 US$64,732
2023-12-06 2023-12-05 S Sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
10,000 -6.0%
48.54
US$485,436 		10,000 -6.0% 48.54 US$485,436
2023-12-05 2023-12-05 PrS Proposed sale
3.1
Glenn Hedde

Officer

Officer
1,335
48.49
US$64,732 		1,335 48.49 US$64,732
2023-12-05 2023-12-05 PrS Proposed sale
2.9
Sherry K. Sidhu, A/K/A Pushpinder K. Sidhu, Family Trust No. 2

Officer

Officer
10,000
48.54
US$485,435 		10,000 48.54 US$485,435
2023-11-15 2023-11-14 PlS Planned sale
Cunningham Lyle

Chief Lending Officer

Officer
4,000 -11.1%
44.39
US$177,568 		4,000 -11.1% 44.39 US$177,568
2023-11-14 2023-11-14 PrS Proposed sale
Lyle Cunningham

Officer

Officer
4,000
44.64
US$178,568 		4,000 44.64 US$178,568
2023-11-07 2023-11-07 PrS Proposed sale
2.2
Jessie Velasquez

Officer

Officer
1,364
44.35
US$60,494 		1,364 44.35 US$60,494
2023-11-07 2023-11-07 S Sale
2.2
Velasquez Jessie John Deano

Chief Accounting Officer

Officer
1,364 -27.2%
44.35
US$60,494 		1,364 -27.2% 44.35 US$60,494
2023-11-02 2023-11-02 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
51,240 -4.2%
41.47
US$2,124,825 		51,240 -4.2% 41.47 US$2,124,825
2023-11-02 2023-11-01 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
49,499 -3.9%
39.70
US$1,964,873 		49,499 -3.9% 39.70 US$1,964,873
2023-11-01 2023-11-01 PrS Proposed sale
2.9
Jay Sidhu

Officer

Officer
100,739
39.60
US$3,989,264 		100,739 39.60 US$3,989,264
2023-11-01 2023-10-31 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
100,000 -7.3%
39.42
US$3,941,630 		100,000 -7.3% 39.42 US$3,941,630
2023-10-31 2023-10-31 PrS Proposed sale
2.9
Jay Sidhu

Officer

Officer
100,000
39.38
US$3,938,464 		100,000 39.38 US$3,938,464
2023-09-18 2023-09-15 PlS Planned sale
2.9
Leibold Carla A

Chief Financial Officer

Officer
16,619 -17.3%
34.33
US$570,532 		16,619 -17.3% 34.33 US$570,532
2023-09-15 2023-09-15 PrS Proposed sale
2.9
Carla Leibold

Officer

Officer
16,984
34.33
US$583,062 		16,984 34.33 US$583,062
2023-08-02 2023-08-02 PrS Proposed sale
3.1
Glenn Hedde

Officer

Officer
7,792
41.00
US$319,472 		7,792 41.00 US$319,472
2023-08-02 2023-08-02 S Sale
3.1
Hedde Glenn

Pres Mortgage WarehouseLending

Officer
7,792 -9.7%
41.00
US$319,472 		7,792 -9.7% 41.00 US$319,472
2023-08-02 2023-08-01 S Sale
2.6
Bowman Andrew Hertz

EVP and Chief Credit Officer

Officer
14,961 -47.5%
40.61
US$607,529 		14,961 -47.5% 40.61 US$607,529
2023-08-02 2023-08-01 PlS Planned sale
2.9
Leibold Carla A

Chief Financial Officer

Officer
25,000 -20.7%
40.41
US$1,010,208 		25,000 -20.7% 40.41 US$1,010,208
2023-08-01 2023-08-01 PrS Proposed sale
2.9
Carla Leibold

Officer

Officer
25,000
41.98
US$1,049,500 		25,000 41.98 US$1,049,500
2023-08-01 2023-08-01 PrS Proposed sale
2.6
Andrew Bowman

Officer

Officer
14,961
41.98
US$628,062 		14,961 41.98 US$628,062
2023-05-02 2023-05-02 PrS Proposed sale
2.1
Ehst Richard A

BOARD MEMBER
5,850
18.12
US$106,000 		5,850 18.12 US$106,000
2023-03-14 2023-03-14 PP Planned purchase
1.7
Sidhu Samvir S.

President, CEO

Officer
5,200 +6.0%
20.50
US$106,600 		5,200 +6.0% 20.50 US$106,600
2023-03-14 2023-03-13 B Purchase
3.4
ROTHERMEL DANIEL K
Non-Executive Director
5,000 +5.1%
10.72
US$53,575 		5,000 +5.1% 10.72 US$53,575
2023-03-13 2023-03-13 PP Planned purchase
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
45,450 +4.1%
11.00
US$499,950 		45,450 +4.1% 11.00 US$499,950
2022-05-11 2022-05-11 B Purchase
2.1
Banks Bernard Bennett
Non-Executive Director
500 +30.2%
39.97
US$19,986 		500 +30.2% 39.97 US$19,986
2022-05-06 2022-05-06 PP Planned purchase
1.7
Sidhu Samvir S.

President, CEO

Officer
2,965 +3.8%
42.10
US$124,826 		2,965 +3.8% 42.10 US$124,826
2022-05-06 2022-05-06 PP Planned purchase
2.9
Leibold Carla A

Chief Financial Officer

Officer
1,000 +1.5%
42.10
US$42,100 		1,000 +1.5% 42.10 US$42,100
2022-05-04 2022-05-03 PlS Planned sale
Cunningham Lyle

Director/Chief Lending Officer

Officer
1,000 -8.3%
43.06
US$43,060 		1,000 -8.3% 43.06 US$43,060
2021-12-16 2021-12-15 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
63,173 -3.7%
58.92
US$3,721,913 		63,173 -3.7% 58.92 US$3,721,913
2021-12-13 2021-12-09 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
20,000 -1.4%
57.25
US$1,145,066 		20,000 -1.4% 57.25 US$1,145,066
2021-12-13 2021-12-07 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
40,000 -2.7%
57.98
US$2,319,068 		40,000 -2.7% 57.98 US$2,319,068
2021-12-07 2021-12-06 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
16,528 -1.1%
57.13
US$944,202 		16,528 -1.1% 57.13 US$944,202
2021-12-06 2021-12-03 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
20,000 -1.4%
58.28
US$1,165,532 		20,000 -1.4% 58.28 US$1,165,532
2021-12-06 2021-12-02 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
40,000 -2.7%
59.39
US$2,375,700 		40,000 -2.7% 59.39 US$2,375,700
2021-12-02 2021-12-01 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
50,000 -3.4%
57.98
US$2,898,835 		50,000 -3.4% 57.98 US$2,898,835
2021-12-01 2021-11-30 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
40,000 -2.7%
57.76
US$2,310,448 		40,000 -2.7% 57.76 US$2,310,448
2021-11-30 2021-11-29 PlS Planned sale
2.9
SIDHU JAY S

Chairman & CEO

Executive Director
40,000 -2.7%
59.18
US$2,367,136 		40,000 -2.7% 59.18 US$2,367,136
Explore more

More insider trading research around Customers Bancorp Inc

More insider trades in United States
Similar Financials companies with insider activity
More Banking & Investment Services companies with insider activity
More Banking Services companies with insider activity
Insider trading in North America