Insider trading in Europe: track insider transactions across major European markets

Under MAR, the issuer must publish a PDMR's transaction within 3 business days of the trade date. The PDMR themselves must notify both the company and the relevant national regulator promptly — and in practice, most notifications arrive within 1–2 days.

Yes. The UK retained the Market Abuse Regulation in domestic law after leaving the EU. UK insider trade disclosures are regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and follow substantially the same PDMR reporting rules as the EU version. insider screener covers UK filings alongside EU filings.

Yes. Although Norway is not an EU member state, it is part of the European Economic Area (EEA) and has adopted MAR into its regulatory framework. Norwegian PDMR filings from Oslo Børs are collected and processed by insider screener alongside EU market data.

MAR mandates a 30-calendar-day closed period before the announcement of a company's annual or half-yearly financial report. During this window, PDMRs are prohibited from trading in the company's instruments. This is a binding legal requirement — unlike in the US, where trading blackout periods are set by each company's own policies.

In the US, insider filings are centralized through EDGAR on the SEC website. In Europe, filings are published by each country's national regulator — BaFin in Germany, AMF in France, FCA in the UK, and so on. This means European data is fragmented across 20+ sources in different formats and languages. insider screener aggregates all of these into one searchable, normalized feed.

Yes. insider screener allows you to filter insider trades by country, exchange, sector, transaction type (buy/sell), and more. You can also save custom filters as alerts and receive daily email notifications when new trades match your criteria.

Dutch managers’ transactions are published in the AFM register of managers’ transactions. The AFM is the Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets, the Dutch financial markets regulator.

You can also browse disclosures in the Netherlands insider trading tracker. It brings reported transactions together with filtering tools, making it easier to research a company, insider or type of transaction.

For an overview of Dutch coverage and recent activity, visit the Netherlands insider trading page.

AFM insider trading disclosures are public notifications of reportable transactions by company managers and certain people closely associated with them.

Under the EU Market Abuse Regulation, these notifications can cover dealings in a company’s shares, debt instruments and related financial instruments. A disclosure can include details such as the person’s name and role, the issuer, the transaction type, date, price and quantity.

A disclosed transaction is not necessarily an open-market purchase or sale. Check the nature of the transaction before interpreting it. You can browse disclosures in the Netherlands insider trading tracker.

Under the EU Market Abuse Regulation, persons discharging managerial responsibilities—often called PDMRs—and people closely associated with them must report qualifying transactions.

At a Dutch issuer, managers can include executive directors, supervisory board members and certain senior managers who have regular access to inside information and the power to make decisions affecting the company’s future development.

Closely associated persons can include certain family members and entities connected to a manager. Reporting obligations depend on the circumstances and the applicable rules.

For more on the European framework, see how insider trading disclosure works in Europe.

Under the EU Market Abuse Regulation, a reportable transaction must be notified promptly and no later than three business days after the transaction date.

The notification requirement is subject to an annual reporting threshold and other applicable rules. A transaction may therefore become public after the day on which it took place, and processing by a data provider can introduce additional time.

When reviewing the latest Dutch insider transactions, compare the transaction date with the notification date to understand when the dealing occurred and when it was disclosed.

Yes. Under the EU Market Abuse Regulation, the general reporting threshold is €20,000 in a calendar year. The AFM has not chosen a different threshold.

The threshold is calculated by adding relevant transactions without offsetting purchases against sales. Once the threshold is reached, the transaction that reaches it and subsequent reportable transactions must be notified.

A reporting threshold means that the absence of a public notification does not necessarily mean that a manager has made no transactions. Other reporting obligations or exemptions may also be relevant in particular circumstances.

The transaction date is when the dealing took place. The notification date tells you when the transaction was disclosed.

The dates can differ because managers and closely associated persons have time to report qualifying transactions under the Market Abuse Regulation. A transaction cannot be assessed by the public from its disclosure until the information is available.

You can compare the dates when browsing the Netherlands insider transaction feed. Also check the transaction type, price and quantity for context.

No. An acquisition in an AFM notification can arise from an open-market purchase, but it can also reflect an option exercise, a gift, a private arrangement or another type of transaction.

These events do not all have the same meaning. An executive choosing to buy shares with personal funds may be making a different decision from one receiving shares through a compensation arrangement.

Before treating an acquisition as a buying signal, review the nature of the transaction, price, quantity and any additional details in the disclosure. The Dutch transaction feed is a starting point for researching individual filings.

Managers subject to the EU Market Abuse Regulation are generally prohibited from conducting transactions during a 30-calendar-day closed period before the announcement of an interim or year-end financial report.

There are limited circumstances in which an issuer may permit certain transactions during a closed period. Permission does not remove the separate prohibition on insider dealing while in possession of inside information.

A disclosed transaction should therefore be considered in context, including its date and nature. Read more about how insider trading disclosure works in Europe.

The Netherlands company screener lets you compare reported insider activity across companies.

It includes measures such as the number of net buying insiders and the net value bought or sold. These can help you identify companies for further research and distinguish activity involving several insiders from activity driven by one person.

Review the underlying disclosures before drawing conclusions: transaction types, dates and individual circumstances matter. The Netherlands transaction feed provides a closer look at individual dealings.